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Wednesday, July 18, 2012

Definitions and Examples

1.       Sponsor [a person or institution which supports a person or idea by arguing for it and /or providing money for it, an advocate]
The Saudi Educational Mission is the major sponsor of Saudi Arabian students studying abroad.
2.       Nursery School [a school for children under age five]
Children may go to Nursery School before they begin elementary school
3.       Nursery [a] [a room especially for children]
Some babies sleep with their parents instead of in a nursery.
[b] [a place where plants are grown for sale experimentation]
       Nuseries sell both houseplants and small trees.

4.       Rudimentary [ elementary; related to basic facts]
A rudimentary knowledge of computers may soon be a requirement for getting a good job.
5.       Outstanding [a] [excellent; superior to others in the same category]
Students with outstanding academic records may win scholarship.
[b] [not resolved (used with problems or debts)]
6.       Vocation [an occupation, especially one that is very suitable for a person]
High school counselors sometimes give students advice about choosing a vocation.
7.       Degree [a] [an academic title given to a person who has completed certain studies at the university level]
Students in the United States receive a Bachelor of Arts [B.A] degree if they successfully finish four years of study.
[b] [a relative measurement or amount of relationship, progress, or distance]
Our degree of ignorance about how people learn language is surprising, considering how much research has been done.
[c] [a measure of temperature]
       Zero degrees Celsius is the same as thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit.
8.       Comprehensive [a] [including a wide range of knowledge or material]
A final exam in a class may be comprehensive, including questions about every subject discussed during the semester.
[b] Comprehend [to understand]
       She did not comprehend most of what the teacher said and decided to change to the beginning class.
9.       Theme [a] [a topic (often of a piece of writing, music, or art.
Religious themes are common in European art of the fourteenth century.
[b] [a short piece of writing done as a school exercise]
       When I was studying French, the teacher required us to write a one-page theme every week.
10.   Suspend [a] [to take away an advantage or permission, usually a punishment]
If a driver is caught drinking alcohol while he is driving, his license will be suspended for one year.
[b] ]to hang, usually in a way that allows free movement]
       A lamp may be suspended from a rope to dry.
11.   Certificate [a document that confirms that something is true or that something has been done]
To get a university identification card, you must have a letter that certifies that you are a full-time student.
12.   Background [a] [a person’s experience and education]
I have studied music, but my background is limited to traditional pieces.
[b] [ancestry]
       My family’s background is German, Irish, and Czech. I have ancentors of all those nationalities.
[c] [the historical or supporting causes for a situation]
       To understand the organization of the school systems in the United States, you must have political and religious backgroung information.
[d] [a noise, picture, or space that is not the main focus]
       The photograph showed a small city with distant mountains in the background.
13.   Dull [a] [not intelligent or clever, not alert]
Instructors must have extra patience with dull students.
[b] [not sharp]
       A dull knife is not very useful.
[c] boring, not interesting or bright]
       The student fell asleep during the dull class.      
14.   Faculty [a] the instructors at a school
The faculty of the physics department voted to request a salary increase.
[b] [an ability]
       Good poets have an extraordinary faculty of observation.
15.   Narrative [a story; a description of real or fictional events]
History books are usually written in narrative style, describing political and social changes in chronological order.
16.   Intellectual [related to the mind and reasoning rather than to the emotions]
Universities are centers of intellectual activity.
17.   Keep up with [a] [to maintain the same speed as; not to fall behind in]
To keep up with the work in this course, you need to study for several hours every night.
[b] [to maintain contact with]
       It is difficult for me to keep up with my friends in other cities because I rarely write letters.
18.   Determine [a] [to be the cause of; to be influence]
The climate and the materials available determine the kinds of houses people build.
[b] [to find an answer or explanation
       Using complex tools, astronomers were able to determine the exact temperature of three areas of the moon.
[c] determination [a strong and firm purpose or intention]
       A winning team needs both skills and determination.
19.   Go back [to] [to return]
Ali came here from Turkey. After earning a degree in computer science, he went back.
20.   Get through with [to finish]
Most students get through with high school when they are eighteen years old.
21.   Get through [to endure]
It is easy to get through a severe winter if you have warm clothing and a well-heated house.
22.   Go through with [to carry out, to put a plan into effect despite difficulties or hesitation]
The government will go through with the new tax plan although many of the delegates oppose it.
23.   Go on [with] [to continue]
Many people go on with their education after finishing high school.
24.   Ignorance [a] [lack of knowledge]
Someone who has little formal education may be ignorant of history, but very knowledgeable about practical matters.
[b] [to leave someone out of a group; not to pay attention to someone or something]
       After the teacher had answered five of Jim’s questions, she decided to ignore him for the rest of the lesson.
25.   Classmate [a person who is in the same class at school]
Children in nursery school must learn to share with their classmates.
26.   Context[the part of a written or spoken statement where a word occurs, the situation in which an event occurs]
The context in which a word is used can help you understand it; other words and the main idea of the paragraph give clues to the meaning.

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